تصمیمات قیمت‌گذاری و خدمات خرده‌فروشی در زنجیره‌تأمینی شامل یک تولیدکننده و یک خرده‌فروش بااستفاده از رویکرد نظریه بازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی گلپایگان، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، گلپایگان، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی امیر کبیر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

دراین تحقیق، تصمیمات قیمت­گذاری و خدمات خرده­فروشـی در یک زنجیره‌تأمین دوکانالـه شـامل یک تولیدکننده و یک خرده­فروش مورد بررسی قرار خواهند گرفت. بدین‌منظور از رویکرد نظریه بازی در دو حالت رقابتی و همکارانه برای اخذ تصمیمات در زنجیره‌تأمین مورد بررسی استفاده می­گردد. درحالت رقابتی بازیکنان سود خود را به‌طور مجزا حداکثر می­نمایند، درحالی‌که در حالت همکارانه تولیدکننده و خرده­فروش با یکدیگر همکاری نموده و سعی برآن دارند تا سود کل سیستم را حداکثر نمایند. سپس برای بررسی نتایج به‌دست آمده، یک مثال عددی ارائه می­گردد. در ادامه تحلیل­های به‌دست آمده از مدل­های مورد بررسی ارائه خواهند شد. درنهایت یک تحلیل حساسیت برروی پارامترهای مسأله انجام می­شود تا تأثیر تغییر پارامترها برروی مقادیر سود بازیکنان مشخص گردد. نتایج نشان می­دهند که درحالت رقابتی، سود خرده­فروش با افزایش قیمت محصول در کانال اینترنتی و قیمت فروش محصـول به خرده­فـروش توسـط تولیدکننده به‌ترتیب افزایش و کاهـش خـواهند یافت. درحالـت رقابتی قیمت خرده­فروشی محصول باافزایش خدمات خرده­فروشـی افزایش می­یابد. شـدت تغییرات قیمت خرده­فروشـی نســبت‌به خدمات خرده­فروشی بیشتراز تغییرات قیمت­ فروش محصول به خرده­فروش و قیمت کانال اینترنتی است. همچنین شدت تغییرات قیمت فروش به خرده­فروش و قیمت کانال اینترنتی نسبت‌به سهم بازار محصول در کانال خرده­فروشی یکسان هستند. درحالت همکارانه نیز قیمت خرده­فروشی محصول باافزایش خدمات خرده­فروشی افزایش می­یابد. علاوه‌بر این میزان تغییرات قیمت خرده­فروشی محصول نسبت‌به خدمات خرده­فروشی بیشتراز میزان تغییرات قیمت کانال اینترنتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Pricing and Retail-Servicing Decisions Under a Supply Chain Including One Manufacturer and one Retailer Applying Game Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Jafari 1
  • Mohammad-Hossein Haghighi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Golpayegan Technical and Engineering Faculty, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan, Iran
2 PhD student, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, pricing and retail-servicing decisions are investigated on a dual-channel supply chain including one manufacturer and one retailer. For this reason, the game-theoretic approach is used to make the decisions under both the competitive and cooperative situations in the considered supply chain. Under the competitive situation, the players maximize their profits independently, while under the cooperative situation, the manufacturer and retailer cooperate to maximize the profit of the whole system. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the obtained results. Then, the analysis obtained from the investigated models will be presented. The results indicate that the retailer’s profit increases by increasing the price in the e-tail channel as well as by decreasing the price set by the manufacturer to the retailer. Under the competitive situation, the retail price increases as the retail services increase. The change of the retail price with respect to the retail services is greater than the change of the etail price. Under the cooperative situation, the retail price of the product increases by increasing the retail services. In addition, the change of the retail price with respect to the retail services is higher than the change of the etail price. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed on the considered parameters to determine the effect of the change of the parameters on the players’ profits

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply Chain Management
  • Dual-channel Supply Chain
  • Pricing
  • Retail Services
  • Game Theory
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