تأمین‌ مالی زنجیره‌تأمین‌، راهکاری نوین برای بهبود سرمایه در گردش در زنجیره‌تأمین‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی صنایع، دانشکدۀ صنایع، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکدۀ صنایع، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تأمین‌ مالی زنجیره‌تأمین‌، شامل مجموعه­ای از راهکار­های نواورانه و کوتاه­مدت به‌منظور بهبود سرمایه در گردش و ایجاد تنوع در منابع مالی شرکت­های دارای محدودیت سرمایه است. هدف این پژوهش، ارائه یک چارچوب جامع از ابعاد و مؤلفه­های تأثیرگذار بر طراحی و اجرای راهکارهای تأمین‌ مالی زنجیره‌تأمین‌ با تلفیق همزمان دیدگاه مبتنی‌بر دانش مالی و دیدگاه مبتنی‌بر زنجیره‌تأمین‌ است. در این پژوهش از روش فراترکیب و الگوی هفت مرحله­ای سندلوسکی و باروسو برای تحلیل محتوای مقالات استفاده شده است. بدین منظور، پژوهش­های مرتبط بین سال­های ۲۰۰۰ تا ۲۰۲۱ فراخوانی شده و کدهای مربوطه استخراج شدند. پس از طبقه­بندی کدها، ۵ مقوله اصلی شامل: زنجیره‌تأمین‌ (طراحی، جریان­ها و مدیریت زنجیره‌تأمین‌)، ابزارهای تأمین‌ مالی (تأمین‌ مالی زنجیره‌تأمین‌ و تأمین‌ مالی مستقل)، بازیگران، عوامل و موانع پیشبرد و روش‌های مدل­سازی، شناسایی و مفاهیم مهم هر مقوله دسته­بندی شده و درنهایت یک چارچوب جامع حاصل گردید. پایایی این کدگذاری نیز با محاسبه شاخص کاپا در سطح اطمینان ۹۵ درصد تأیید شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می­دهد اگرچه ابزارهای تأمین‌ مالی زنجیره‌تأمین‌ متعددی برمبنای حساب­های دریافتنی و پرداختنی طراحی شده­اند، اما راهکارهای تأمین‌ مالی داخلی از طریق استفاده از وجوه مازاد اعضای درون زنجیره‌تأمین‌ هنوز نوپا بوده و قابل توسعه هستند. همچنین براساس نیاز صنعت بانکی کشور به افزایش درآمد، در مدل­سازی ابزارهای تأمین‌ مالی زنجیره‌تأمین‌ خارجی، بانک‌های تجاری نیز می­توانند در کنار اعضای زنجیره‌تأمین‌ با نرخی بالاتر از نرخ بهره بدون ریسک، به بیشینه­سازی سود خود بپردازند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Supply Chain Finance, a New Approach to Improve Working Capital within the Supply Chain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nastaran Hadi Doulabi 1
  • Mohammd Ali Rastegar 2
1 PhD student of Industrial Engineering, School of Industries, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Industries, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Supply chain finance includes a set of innovative solutions to improve working capital in a supply chain. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive framework for designing supply chain financial strategies by combining a finance-oriented perspective and a supply chain-oriented perspective, simultaneously. To achieve the research objective, the seven-step model proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso was used to analyze the content of the articles. The statistical population of this research includes international publications in the field of supply chain finance between 2000 and 2021. After collecting the related articles, the relevant codes were extracted and finally the reliability of the coding was confirmed by calculating the Cohen's kappa coefficient. According to the classification of codes extracted from selected articles, the components affecting the design and implementation of supply chain finance strategies were identified. This framework consists of 5 main categories including supply chain, financing instruments, actors, enablers and inhibitors and modeling. The reliability of this coding was also confirmed at the 95% confidence level by calculating the kappa index. The results of this study show that although several supply chain finance instruments are designed based on accounts receivable and accounts payable techniques, internal financing strategies through the use of surplus funds within the supply chain are not well developed. Also, based on the country's banking industry's need to increase income, in the modeling of external supply chain finance solutions, commercial banks can maximize their profits along with supply chain members at a rate higher than the risk-free interest rate. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply Chain Finance
  • Working Capital
  • Meta-Synthesis
  • Supply Chain
  • Financial Instruments

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نشریه پژوهش های مهندسی صنایع در سیستم های تولید
دوره 10، شماره 21
اسفند 1401
صفحه 71-91

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