زمان‌بندی تولید سلولی با درنظر گرفتن عوامل انسانی و زمان تحویل سفارشات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی‌ارشد مهندسی صنایع، دانشکدۀ فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع و آینده پژوهی، دانشکدۀ فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مهندسی عوامل انسانی یک زمینه علمی مرتبط با فهم تعامل بین انسان و سایر عناصر یک سیستم در جهت آسایش و رفاه اپراتور و عملکرد کامل سیستم می­باشد. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، زمان­بندی تولید سفارش­ها و شیفت­بندی اپراتور­ها در محیط تولید سلولی با درنظر گرفتن عوامل انسانی و با اهداف کمینه کردن دیرکرد تحویل محصولات و میانگین خستگی اپراتورها می­باشد. در این پژوهش فاکتورهای انسانی خستگی، یادگیری و فراموشی در زمان­بندی محیط­های تولیدی درنظر گرفته شده است و یک مدل برنامه­ریزی ریاضی عدد صحیح به­همراه الگوریتم ابتکاری افق غلطان برای حل مسأله ارائه می­شود. به­منظور اجرای آزمایشات عددی، 3 گروه مسائل نمونه به­صورت تصادفی تولید شد. الگوریتم افق غلطان در دو حالت همپوشانی و بدون همپوشانی روی مسائل نمونه اجرا شد و نتایج نشان داد که این الگوریتم در حالت بدون همپوشانی با طول ۲ دوره ازنظر زمان حل و اختلاف با جواب بهینه، مناسب­ترین حالت است. الگوریتم ابتکاری افق غلطان قادر است مسائل در ابعاد بزرگ را با خطای حداکثر 3% از جواب حل دقیق برای هریک از اهداف در زمان 5/5 دقیقه به­دست آورد درحالی­که زمان حل مدل برنامه­ریزی عدد صحیح در این ابعاد از مسائل حدود 2 ساعت است. نتایج خطی­سازی مدل نشان داد که تبدیل متغیر پیوسته به عدد صحیح نسبت به روش مک­کورمیک کارایی بهتری دارد و تحلیل حساسیت روی پارامترهای مسأله نشان می­دهد که ضریب خستگی دارای رابطه مستقیم با میزان دیرکرد سفارشات بوده و ضریب یادگیری دارای رابطه معکوس با دیرکرد سفارشات و میانگین خستگی اپراتورها می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Scheduling Cellular Manufacturing Systems Based on Human Factors and Due Date of Orders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Saedi 1
  • Kamran Kianfar 2
1 Master of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Future Research, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Human factors engineering is a scientific area about collaboration between persons and other parameters of a system. It consists of theorems, principles and methods for designing based on the relief of operators and system performance. The main purpose of this paper is scheduling the orders and operators in a CMS regarding the human factors to minimize the orders’ tardiness and fatigue of operators. The fatigue, recovery, learning and forgetting are the human factors in this study, which affect the job rotation and shift scheduling. A mathematical model and a rolling horizon heuristic are developed as well as three groups of test problems each including five random problem instances. The rolling horizon algorithm was tested on the test problems and the results showed that non-overlapping mode with a length of 2 periods is the best choice. The heuristic algorithm solves large-scale instances with less than 3% optimality gaps in about 5.5 minutes while the MIP model needs about 2 hours. The results of linearization of the model showed that the conversion of the continuous variables into integer numbers is more efficient than the McCormick method. Sensitivity analysis shows that fatigue factor has a direct relation with tardiness and learning and also, the learning factor has a reverse relation with the both objectives of tardiness and mean fatigue.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Job Rotation
  • CMS Scheduling
  • Fatigue-Recovery
  • Learning-Forgetting
  • Tardiness
  • Rolling Horizon Algorithm

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نشریه پژوهش های مهندسی صنایع در سیستم های تولید
دوره 10، شماره 21
اسفند 1401
صفحه 51-69

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